reg load

Load saved sub keys into a different sub key in the registry. This is intended for troubleshooting and temporary keys. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/reg-load.

Load a backup file into the specified key:
reg load {{key_name}} {{path\to\file}}

shutdown

A tool for shutting down, restarting or logging off a machine. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/shutdown.

Shutdown the current machine:
shutdown /s
Shutdown the current machine force-closing all apps:
shutdown /s /f
Restart the current machine immediately:
shutdown /r /t 0
Hibernate the current machine:
shutdown /h
Log off the current machine:
shutdown /l
Specify a timeout in seconds to wait before shutting down:
shutdown /s /t {{8}}
Abort a shutdown sequence whose timeout is yet to expire:
shutdown /a
Shutdown a remote machine:
shutdown /m {{\\hostname}}

choice

Prompt user to select a choice and return the selected choice index. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/choice.

Prompt the current user to select a Y or N choice:
choice
Prompt the current user to select a [c]hoice from a specific set:
choice /c {{AB}}
Prompt the current user to select a choice with a specific [m]essage:
choice /m "{{message}}"
Prompt the current user to select a [c]ase-[s]ensitive [c]hoice from a specific set:
choice /cs /c {{Ab}}
Prompt the current user to select a choice and prefer the [d]efault choice in a specific [t]ime:
choice /t {{5}} /d {{N}}
Display help:
choice /?

finger

Return information about one or more users on a specified system. The remote system must be running the Finger service. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/finger.

Display information about a specific user:
finger {{user}}@{{host}}
Display information about all users on the specified host:
finger @{{host}}
Display information in a longer format:
finger {{user}}@{{host}} -l
Display help information:
finger /?

tskill

Ends a process running in a session on a Remote Desktop Session Host. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/tskill.

Terminate a process by its process identifier:
tskill {{process_id}}
Terminate a process by its name:
tskill {{process_name}}

logoff

Terminate a login session. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/logoff.

Terminate the current session:
logoff
Terminate a session by its name or id:
logoff {{session_name|session_id}}
Terminate a session on a specific server connected through RDP:
logoff {{session_name|session_id}} /server:{{servername}}

nfsstat

Display or reset the number of calls made to the NFS server. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/nfsstat.

Display the recorded number of calls made to the NFS server:
nfsstat
Reset the recorded number of calls made to the NFS server:
nfsstat -z

Invoke-Item

Open files in their respective default programs. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.management/invoke-item.

Open a file in its default program:
Invoke-Item -Path {{path\to\file}}
Open all files inside a directory:
Invoke-Item -Path {{path\to\directory}}\*
Open all PNGs inside a directory:
Invoke-Item -Path {{path\to\directory}}\*.png
Open all files inside a directory containing a specific keyword:
Invoke-Item -Path {{path\to\directory}}\* -Include {{*keyword*}}
Open all files inside a directory except those containing a specific keyword:
Invoke-Item -Path {{path\to\directory}}\* -Exclude {{*keyword*}}
Perform a dry run to determine which files will be opened inside a directory through Invoke-Item:
Invoke-Item -Path {{path\to\directory}}\* -WhatIf

cinst

This command is an alias of choco install. More information: https://docs.chocolatey.org/en-us/choco/commands/install.

View documentation for the original command:
tldr choco install

reg add

Add new keys and their values to the registry. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/reg-add.

Add a new registry key:
reg add {{key_name}}
Add a new value under a specific key:
reg add {{key_name}} /v {{value}}
Add a new value with specific data:
reg add {{key_name}} /d {{data}}
Add a new value to a key with a specific data type:
reg add {{key_name}} /t {{type}}
Forcefully overwrite the existing registry value without a prompt:
reg add {{key_name}} /f

choco source

Manage sources for packages with Chocolatey. More information: https://chocolatey.org/docs/commands-source.

List currently available sources:
choco source list
Add a new package source:
choco source add --name {{name}} --source {{url}}
Add a new package source with credentials:
choco source add --name {{name}} --source {{url}} --user {{username}} --password {{password}}
Add a new package source with a client certificate:
choco source add --name {{name}} --source {{url}} --cert {{path\to\certificate_file}}
Enable a package source:
choco source enable --name {{name}}
Disable a package source:
choco source disable --name {{name}}
Remove a package source:
choco source remove --name {{name}}

pwlauncher

Manage the Windows To Go startup options. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/pwlauncher.

Display the current Windows To Go status:
pwlauncher
Enable or disable the Windows To Go startup options:
pwlauncher /{{enable|disable}}

cuninst

This command is an alias of choco uninstall. More information: https://docs.chocolatey.org/en-us/choco/commands/uninstall.

View documentation for the original command:
tldr choco uninstall

Resolve-Path

Resolves the wildcard characters in a path, and displays the path contents. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.management/resolve-path.

Resolve the home folder path:
Resolve-Path {{~}}
Resolve a UNC path:
Resolve-Path -Path "\\{{hostname}}\{{path\to\file}}"
Get relative paths:
Resolve-Path -Path {{path\to\file_or_directory}} -Relative

popd

Changes the current directory to the directory stored by the pushd command. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/popd.

Switch to directory at the top of the stack:
popd

title

Set the title of the command prompt window. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/title.

Set the title of the current command prompt window:
title {{new_title}}

netstat

Displays active TCP connections, ports on which the computer is listening, network adapter statistics, the IP routing table, IPv4 statistics and IPv6 statistics. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/netstat.

Display active TCP connections:
netstat
Display all active TCP connections and the TCP and UDP ports on which the computer is listening:
netstat -a
Display network adapter statistics, such as the number of bytes and packets sent and received:
netstat -e
Display active TCP connections and express addresses and port numbers numerically:
netstat -n
Display active TCP connections and include the process ID (PID) for each connection:
netstat -o
Display the contents of the IP routing table:
netstat -r
Display statistics by protocol:
netstat -s
Display a list of currently open ports and related IP addresses:
netstat -an

repair-bde

Attempt to repair or decrypt a damaged BitLocker-encrypted volume. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/repair-bde.

Attempt to repair a specified volume:
repair-bde {{C:}}
Attempt to repair a specified volume and output to another volume:
repair-bde {{C:}} {{D:}}
Attempt to repair a specified volume using the provided recovery key file:
repair-bde {{C:}} -RecoveryKey {{path\to\file.bek}}
Attempt to repair a specified volume using the provided numerical recovery password:
repair-bde {{C:}} -RecoveryPassword {{password}}
Attempt to repair a specified volume using the provided password:
repair-bde {{C:}} -Password {{password}}
Attempt to repair a specified volume using the provided key package:
repair-bde {{C:}} -KeyPackage {{path\to\directory}}
Log all output to a specific file:
repair-bde {{C:}} -LogFile {{path\to\file}}
Display all available options:
repair-bde /?

Measure-Command

Measures the time it takes to run script blocks and cmdlets. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/measure-command.

Measure the time it takes to run a command:
Measure-Command { {{command}} }
Pipe input to Measure-Command (objects that are piped to Measure-Command are available to the script block that is passed to the Expression parameter):
10, 20, 50 | Measure-Command -Expression { for ($i=0; $i -lt $_; $i++) {$i} }

Set-Date

Changes the system time on the computer to a time that you specify. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/set-date.

Add three days to the system date:
Set-Date -Date (Get-Date).AddDays({{3}})
Set the system clock back 10 minutes:
Set-Date -Adjust -0:10:0 -DisplayHint Time
Add 90 minutes to the system clock:
$90mins = New-TimeSpan -Minutes {{90}}; Set-Date -Adjust $90mins

find

Find a specified string in one or more files. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/find.

Find lines that contain a specified string:
find "{{string}}" {{path\to\file_or_directory}}
Display lines that do not contain the specified string:
find "{{string}}" {{path\to\file_or_directory}} /v
Display the count of lines that contain the specified string:
find "{{string}}" {{path\to\file_or_directory}} /c
Display line numbers with the list of lines:
find "{{string}}" {{path\to\file_or_directory}} /n

mount

Mount Network File System (NFS) network shares. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/mount.

Mount a share to the "Z" drive letter:
mount \\{{computer_name}}\{{share_name}} {{Z:}}
Mount a share to the next available drive letter:
mount \\{{computer_name}}\{{share_name}} *
Mount a share with a read timeout in seconds (defaults to 0.8, can be 0.9 or 1 to 60):
mount -o timeout={{seconds}} \\{{computer_name}}\{{share_name}} {{Z:}}
Mount a share and retry up to 10 times if it fails:
mount -o retry={{retries}} \\{{computer_name}}\{{share_name}} {{Z:}}
Mount a share with forced case sensitivity:
mount -o casesensitive \\{{computer_name}}\{{share_name}} {{Z:}}
Mount a share as an anonymous user:
mount -o anon \\{{computer_name}}\{{share_name}} {{Z:}}
Mount a share using a specific mount type:
mount -o mtype={{soft|hard}} \\{{computer_name}}\{{share_name}} {{Z:}}

reg compare

Compare keys and their values in the registry. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/reg-compare.

Compare all values under a specific key with a second key:
reg compare {{first_key_name}} {{second_key_name}}
Compare a specific value under two keys:
reg compare {{first_key_name}} {{second_key_name}} /v {{value}}
Compare all sub keys and values for two keys:
reg compare {{first_key_name}} {{second_key_name}} /s
Only output the matches between the specified keys:
reg compare {{first_key_name}} {{second_key_name}} /os
Output the differences and matches between the specified keys:
reg compare {{first_key_name}} {{second_key_name}} /oa

del

Delete one or more files. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/del.

Delete one or more space-separated files or patterns:
del {{file_pattern}}
Prompt for confirmation before deleting each file:
del {{file_pattern}} /p
Force the deletion of read-only files:
del {{file_pattern}} /f
Recursively delete file(s) from all subdirectories:
del {{file_pattern}} /s
Do not prompt when deleting files based on a global wildcard:
del {{file_pattern}} /q
Display the help and list available attributes:
del /?
Delete files based on specified attributes:
del {{file_pattern}} /a {{attribute}}

choco pack

Package a NuGet specification into a nupkg file. More information: https://chocolatey.org/docs/commands-pack.

Package a NuGet specification to a nupkg file:
choco pack {{path\to\specification_file}}
Package a NuGet specification specifying the version of the resulting file:
choco pack {{path\to\specification_file}} --version {{version}}
Package a NuGet specification to a specific directory:
choco pack {{path\to\specification_file}} --output-directory {{path\to\output_directory}}

getmac

Display the MAC addresses of a system. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/getmac.

Display the MAC addresses for the current system:
getmac
Display the details in a specific format:
getmac /fo {{table|list|csv}}
Exclude the header in the output list:
getmac /nh
Display the MAC addresses for a remote machine:
getmac /s {{hostname}} /u {{username}} /p {{password}}
Display the MAC addresses with verbose information:
getmac /v
Display detailed usage information:
getmac /?

takeown

Take ownership of a file or directory. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/takeown.

Take ownership of the specified file:
takeown /f {{path\to\file}}
Take ownership of the specified directory:
takeown /d {{path\to\directory}}
Take ownership of the specified directory and all subdirectories:
takeown /r /d {{path\to\directory}}
Change ownership to the Administrator group instead of the current user:
takeown /a /f {{path\to\file}}

choco search

Search for a local or remote package with Chocolatey. More information: https://chocolatey.org/docs/commands-search.

Search for a package:
choco search {{query}}
Search for a package locally:
choco search {{query}} --local-only
Only include exact matches in the results:
choco search {{query}} --exact
Confirm all prompts automatically:
choco search {{query}} --yes
Specify a custom source to search for packages in:
choco search {{query}} --source {{source_url|alias}}
Provide a username and password for authentication:
choco search {{query}} --user {{username}} --password {{password}}

Measure-Object

Calculates the numeric properties of objects, and the characters, words, and lines in string objects, such as files of text. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/measure-object.

Count the files and folders in a directory:
Get-ChildItem | Measure-Object
Pipe input to Measure-Command (objects that are piped to Measure-Command are available to the script block that is passed to the Expression parameter):
"One", "Two", "Three", "Four" | Set-Content -Path "{{path\to\file}}"; Get-Content "{{path\to\file}}"; | Measure-Object -Character -Line -Word

clip

Copy input content to the Windows clipboard. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/clip.

Pipe command-line output to the Windows clipboard:
{{dir}} | clip
Copy the contents of a file to the Windows clipboard:
clip < {{path\to\file.ext}}
Copy text with a trailing newline to the Windows clipboard:
echo {{some text}} | clip
Copy text without a trailing newline to the Windows clipboard:
echo | set /p="some text" | clip

Get-FileHash

Calculate a hash for a file. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/get-filehash.

Calculate a hash for a specified file using the SHA256 algorithm:
Get-FileHash {{path\to\file}}
Calculate a hash for a specified file using a specified algorithm:
Get-FileHash {{path\to\file}} -Algorithm {{SHA1|SHA384|SHA256|SHA512|MD5}}

wsl-open

Open a file or URL from within Windows Subsystem for Linux in the user's default Windows GUI application. More information: https://gitlab.com/4U6U57/wsl-open.

Open the current directory in Windows Explorer:
wsl-open {{.}}
Open a URL in the user's default web browser in Windows:
wsl-open {{https://example.com}}
Open a specific file in the user's default application in Windows:
wsl-open {{path\to\file}}
Set wsl-open as the shell's web browser (open links with wsl-open):
wsl-open -w
Display help:
wsl-open -h

sc

Communicate with the Service Control Manager and services. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/sc-query.

Show the status of a service (no service name will list all services):
sc queryex {{service_name}}
Start a service asynchronously:
sc start {{service_name}}
Stop a service asynchronously:
sc stop {{service_name}}
Set the type of a service:
sc config {{service_name}} type= {{service_type}}

reg import

Import all available keys, subkeys, and values from a file. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/reg-import.

Import all keys, subkeys and values from a file:
reg import {{path\to\file.reg}}

chrome

This command is an alias of chromium. More information: https://chrome.google.com.

View documentation for the original command:
tldr chromium

chkdsk

Check file system and volume metadata for errors. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/chkdsk.

Specify the drive letter (followed by a colon), mount point, or volume name to check:
chkdsk {{volume}}
Fix errors on a specific volume:
chkdsk {{volume}} /f
Dismount a specific volume before checking:
chkdsk {{volume}} /x
Change the log file size to the specified size (only for NTFS):
chkdsk /l{{size}}

systeminfo

Display operating system configuration for a local or remote machine. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/systeminfo.

Display system configuration for the local machine:
systeminfo
Display system configuration in a specified output format:
systeminfo /fo {{table|list|csv}}
Display system configuration for a remote machine:
systeminfo /s {{remote_name}} /u {{username}} /p {{password}}
Display detailed usage information:
systeminfo /?

choco apikey

Manage API keys for Chocolatey sources. More information: https://chocolatey.org/docs/commands-apikey.

Display a list of sources and their API keys:
choco apikey
Display a specific source and its API key:
choco apikey --source "{{source_url}}"
Set an API key for a source:
choco apikey --source "{{source_url}}" --key "{{api_key}}"
Remove an API key for a source:
choco apikey --source "{{source_url}}" --remove

reg restore

Restore a key and its values from a backup file. See reg-save for more information. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/reg-restore.

Overwrite a specified key with data from a backup file:
reg restore {{key_name}} {{path\to\file}}

wsl

Manage the Windows Subsystem for Linux. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows/wsl/reference.

Start a Linux shell (in the default distribution):
wsl {{shell_command}}
Run a Linux command without using a shell:
wsl --exec {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Specify a particular distribution:
wsl --distribution {{distribution}} {{shell_command}}
List available distributions:
wsl --list
Export a distribution to a .tar file:
wsl --export {{distribution}} {{path\to\distro_file.tar}}
Import a distribution from a .tar file:
wsl --import {{distribution}} {{path\to\install_location}} {{path/to/distro_file.tar}}
Change the version of wsl used for the specified distribution:
wsl --set-version {{distribution}} {{version}}
Shut down Windows Subsystem for Linux:
wsl --shutdown

psping

A ping tool that includes TCP ping, latency and bandwidth measurement. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/sysinternals/downloads/psping.

Ping a host using ICMP:
psping {{hostname}}
Ping a host over a TCP port:
psping {{hostname}}:{{port}}
Specify the number of pings and perform it quietly:
psping {{hostname}} -n {{pings}} -q
Ping the target over TCP 50 times and produce a histogram of the results:
psping {{hostname}}:{{port}} -q -n {{50}} -h
Display usage information:
psping /?

rpcinfo

List programs via RPC on remote computers. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/rpcinfo.

List all programs registered on the local computer:
rpcinfo
List all programs registered on a remote computer:
rpcinfo /p {{computer_name}}
Call a specific program on a remote computer using TCP:
rpcinfo /t {{computer_name}} {{program_name}}
Call a specific program on a remote computer using UDP:
rpcinfo /u {{computer_name}} {{program_name}}

choco pin

Pin a package at a specific version with Chocolatey. Pinned packages are skipped automatically when upgrading. More information: https://chocolatey.org/docs/commands-pin.

Display a list of pinned packages and their versions:
choco pin list
Pin a package at its current version:
choco pin add --name {{package}}
Pin a package at a specific version:
choco pin add --name {{package}} --version {{version}}
Remove a pin for a specific package:
choco pin remove --name {{package}}

ftype

Display or modify file types used for file extension association. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/ftype.

Display a list of all file types:
ftype
Display the associated program for a specific file type:
ftype {{file_type}}
Set the associated program for a specific file type:
ftype {{file_type}}="{{path/to/executable_file}}"

sls

This command is an alias of Select-String. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/select-string.

View documentation for the original command:
tldr where-object

tree

Display a graphical tree of the directory structure for a path. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/tree.

Display the tree for the current directory:
tree
Display the tree for a specific directory:
tree {{path\to\directory}}
Display the tree for a directory including files:
tree {{path\to\directory}} /f
Display the tree using ASCII characters instead of extended characters:
tree {{path\to\directory}} /a

explorer

The Windows File Explorer. More information: https://ss64.com/nt/explorer.html.

Open Windows Explorer:
explorer
Open Windows Explorer in the current directory:
explorer .
Open Windows Explorer in a specific directory:
explorer {{path\to\directory}}

choco list

Display a list of packages with Chocolatey. More information: https://chocolatey.org/docs/commands-list.

Display all available packages:
choco list
Display all locally installed packages:
choco list --local-only
Display a list including local programs:
choco list --include-programs
Display only approved packages:
choco list --approved-only
Specify a custom source to display packages from:
choco list --source {{source_url|alias}}
Provide a username and password for authentication:
choco list --user {{username}} --password {{password}}

psexec

Execute a command-line process on a remote machine. This is an advanced command and it might potentially be dangerous. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/psexec.

Execute a command using cmd in a remote shell:
psexec \\{{remote_host}} cmd
Execute a command on a remote host (pre-authenticated):
psexec \\{{remote_host}} -u {{user_name}} -p {{password}}
Execute a command remotely and output the result to a file:
psexec \\{{remote_host}} cmd /c {{command}} -an ^>{{path\to\file.txt}}
Execute a program to interact with users:
psexec \\{{remote_host}} -d -i {{program_name}}
Display the IP configuration of the remote host:
psexec \\{{remote_host}} ipconfig /all

gpupdate

A tool to check and apply Windows Group Policy settings. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/gpupdate.

Check and apply updated Group Policy settings:
gpupdate
Specify the target Group Policy settings to check for update:
gpupdate /target:{{computer|user}}
Force all Group Policy settings to be reapplied:
gpupdate /force
Display detailed usage information:
gpupdate /?

findstr

Find specified text within one or more files. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/findstr.

Find space-separated string(s) in all files:
findstr "{{query}}" *
Find space-separated string(s) in a piped command's output:
{{dir}} | findstr "{{query}}"
Find space-separated string(s) in all files recur[s]ively:
findstr /s "{{query}}" *
Find strings using a case-insensitive search:
findstr /i "{{query}}" *"
Find strings in all files using regular expressions:
findstr /r "{{expression}}" *
Find a literal string (containing spaces) in all text files:
findstr /c:"{{query}}" *.txt
Display the line number before each matching line:
findstr /n "{{query}}" *
Display only the filenames that contain a match:
findstr /m "{{query}}" *

where

This command is an alias of Where-Object. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/where-object.

View documentation for the original command:
tldr Where-Object

curl

In PowerShell, this command may be an alias of Invoke-WebRequest when the original curl program (https://curl.se) is not properly installed.

Check whether curl is properly installed by printing its version number. If this command evaluates into an error, PowerShell may have substituted this command with Invoke-WebRequest:
curl --version
View documentation for the original curl command:
tldr curl -p common
View documentation for the original curl command in older versions of tldr command-line client:
tldr curl -o common
View documentation for PowerShell's Invoke-WebRequest command:
tldr invoke-webrequest

xcopy

Copy files and directory trees. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/xcopy.

Copy the file(s) to the specified destination:
xcopy {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}}
List files that will be copied before copying:
xcopy {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /p
Copy the directory structure only, excluding files:
xcopy {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /t
Include empty directories when copying:
xcopy {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /e
Keep the source ACL in the destination:
xcopy {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /o
Allow resuming when network connection is lost:
xcopy {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /z
Disable the prompt when the file exists in the destination:
xcopy {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /y
Display detailed usage information:
xcopy /?

bleachbit_console

Clean junk files on the filesystem. More information: https://docs.bleachbit.org/doc/command-line-interface.html.

Perform the clean-up operation and delete files:
bleachbit_console.exe --clean
Preview the files that will be deleted and other changes that will be made before actually performing the clean-up operation:
bleachbit_console.exe --preview
Display system information:
bleachbit_console.exe --sysinfo
Start the graphical user interface (GUI) version of Bleachbit:
bleachbit_console.exe --gui
Display version:
bleachbit_console.exe --version

sfc

Scans the integrity of Windows system files. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/sfc.

Display information about the usage of the command:
sfc
Scan all system files and, if possible, repair any problems:
sfc /scannow
Scan all system files without attempting to repair any:
sfc /verifyonly
Scan a specific file and, if possible, repair any problems:
sfc /scanfile={{path\to\file}}
Scan a specific file without attempting to repair it:
sfc /verifyfile={{path\to\file}}
When repairing offline, specify the boot directory:
sfc /offbootdir={{path\to\directory}}
When repairing offline, specify the Windows directory:
sfc /offwindir={{path\to\directory}}

wget

In PowerShell, this command may be an alias of Invoke-WebRequest when the original wget program (https://www.gnu.org/software/wget) is not properly installed.

Check whether wget is properly installed by printing its version number. If this command evaluates into an error, PowerShell may have substituted this command with Invoke-WebRequest:
curl --version
View documentation for the original wget command:
tldr wget -p common
View documentation for the original wget command in older versions of tldr command-line client:
tldr wget -o common
View documentation for PowerShell's Invoke-WebRequest command:
tldr invoke-webrequest

setx

Sets persistent environment variables. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/setx.

Set an environment variable for the current user:
setx {{variable}} {{value}}
Set an environment variable for the current machine:
setx {{variable}} {{value}} /M
Set an environment variable for a user on a remote machine:
setx /s {{hostname}} /u {{username}} /p {{password}} {{variable}} {{value}}
Set an environment variable from a registry key value:
setx {{variable}} /k {{registry\key\path}}

cls

Clears the screen. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/cls.

Clear the screen:
cls

fsutil

Displays information about file system volumes. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/fsutil.

Display a list of volumes:
fsutil volume list
Display information about a volume's file system:
fsutil fsInfo volumeInfo {{drive_letter|volume_path}}
Display the current state of the file system auto-repair for all volumes:
fsutil repair state
Display the dirty bit state of all volumes:
fsutil dirty query
Set the dirty bit state of a volume:
fsutil dirty set {{drive_letter|volume_path}}

fc

Compare the differences between two files or sets of files. Use wildcards (*) to compare sets of files. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/fc.

Compare 2 specified files:
fc {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Perform a case-insensitive comparison:
fc /c {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Compare files as Unicode text:
fc /u {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Compare files as ASCII text:
fc /l {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Compare files as binary:
fc /b {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Disable tab-to-space expansion:
fc /t {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Compress whitespace (tabs and spaces) for comparisons:
fc /w {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}

tasklist

Display a list of currently running processes on a local or remote machine. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/tasklist.

Display currently running processes:
tasklist
Display running processes in a specified output format:
tasklist /fo {{table|list|csv}}
Display running processes using the specified .exe or .dll file name:
tasklist /m {{module_pattern}}
Display processes running on a remote machine:
tasklist /s {{remote_name}} /u {{username}} /p {{password}}
Display services using each process:
tasklist /svc

Where-Object

Selects objects from a collection based on their property values. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/where-object.

Filter aliases by its name:
Get-Alias | Where-Object -{{Property}} {{Name}} -{{eq}} {{name}}
Get a list of all services that are currently stopped. The $_ automatic variable represents each object that is passed to the Where-Object cmdlet:
Get-Service | Where-Object {$_.Status -eq "Stopped"}
Use multiple conditions:
Get-Module -ListAvailable | Where-Object { $_.Name -NotLike "Microsoft*" -And $_.Name -NotLike "PS*" }

date

Displays or sets the system date. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/date.

Display the current system date and prompt to enter a new date (leave empty to keep unchanged):
date
Display the current system date without prompting for a new date:
date /t
Change the current system date to a specific date:
date {{month}}-{{day}}-{{year}}

ipconfig

Display and manage the network configuration of Windows. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/ipconfig.

Show a list of network adapters:
ipconfig
Show a detailed list of network adapters:
ipconfig /all
Renew the IP addresses for a network adapter:
ipconfig /renew {{adapter}}
Free up the IP addresses for a network adapter:
ipconfig /release {{adapter}}
Show the local DNS cache:
ipconfig /displaydns
Remove all data from the local DNS cache:
ipconfig /flushdns

forfiles

Select one or more files to execute a specified command on. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/forfiles.

Search for files in the current directory:
forfiles
Search for files in a specific directory:
forfiles /p {{path\to\directory}}
Run the specified command for each file:
forfiles /c "{{command}}"
Search for files using a specific glob mask:
forfiles /m {{glob_pattern}}
Search for files recursively:
forfiles /s
Search for files older than 5 days:
forfiles /d +{{5}}

pabcnetcclear

Preprocess and compile PascalABC.NET source files. More information: http://pascalabc.net.

Compile the specified source file into an executable with the same name:
pabcnetcclear {{path\to\source_file.pas}}
Compile the specified source file into an executable with the specified name:
pabcnetcclear /Output:{{path\to\_file.exe}} {{path\to\source_file.pas}}
Compile the specified source file into an executable with the same name along with/without debug information:
pabcnetcclear /Debug:{{0|1}} {{path\to\source_file.pas}}
Allow units to be searched in the specified path while compiling the source file into an executable with the same name:
pabcnetcclear /SearchDir:{{path\to\directory}} {{path\to\source_file.pas}}
Compile the specified source file into an executable, defining a symbol:
pabcnetcclear /Define:{{symbol}} {{path\to\source_file.pas}}

Get-ChildItem

List items in a directory. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.management/get-childitem.

List all non-hidden items in the current directory:
Get-ChildItem
List only directories in the current directory:
Get-ChildItem -Directory
List only files in the current directory:
Get-ChildItem -File
List items in the current directory, including hidden items:
Get-ChildItem -Hidden
List items in a directory other than the current one:
Get-ChildItem -Path {{path\to\directory}}

octo

Command-line tools for Octopus Deploy. More information: https://octopus.com/docs/octopus-rest-api/octo.exe-command-line.

Create a package:
octo pack --id={{package}}
Push a package to a repository on the Octopus server:
octo push --package={{package}}
Create a release:
octo create-release --project={{project_name}} --packageversion={{version}}
Deploy a release:
octo deploy-release --project={{project_name}} --packageversion={{version}} --deployto={{environment_name}} --tenant={{deployment_target}}

msiexec

Install, update, repair, or uninstall Windows programs using MSI and MSP package files. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/msiexec.

Install a program from its MSI package:
msiexec /package {{path\to\file.msi}}
Install a MSI package from a website:
msiexec /package {{https://example.com/installer.msi}}
Install a MSP patch file:
msiexec /update {{path\to\file.msp}}
Uninstall a program or patch using their respective MSI or MSP file:
msiexec /uninstall {{path\to\file}}

time

Display or set the system time. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/time.

Display the current system time and prompt to enter a new time (leave empty to keep unchanged):
time
Display the current system time without prompting for a new time:
time /t

pipwin

A tool to install unofficial Python package binaries on Windows. More information: https://github.com/lepisma/pipwin.

List all available packages for download:
pipwin list
Search packages:
pipwin search {{partial_name|name}}
Install a package:
pipwin install {{package}}
Uninstall a package:
pipwin uninstall {{package}}
Download a package to a specific directory:
pipwin download --dest {{path\to\directory}} {{package}}
Install packages according to requirements.txt:
pipwin install --file {{path\to\requirements.txt}}

Get-Date

Gets the current date and time. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/get-date.

Display the current date and time:
Get-Date
Display the current date and time with a .NET format specifier:
Get-Date -Format "{{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}}"
Display the current date and time in UTC and ISO 8601 format:
(Get-Date).ToUniversalTime()
Convert a Unix timestamp:
Get-Date -UnixTimeSeconds {{1577836800}}

Stop-Service

Stops one or more running services. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.management/stop-service.

Stop a service on the local computer:
Stop-Service -Name {{service_name}}
Stop a service by using the display name:
Stop-Service -DisplayName "{{name}}"
Stop a service that has dependent services:
Stop-Service -Name {{service_name}} -Force -Confirm

clist

This command is an alias of choco list. More information: https://docs.chocolatey.org/en-us/choco/commands/list.

View documentation for the original command:
tldr choco list

virtualboxvm

Manage VirtualBox virtual machines. More information: https://www.virtualbox.org.

Start a virtual machine:
virtualboxvm --startvm {{name|uuid}}
Start a virtual machine in fullscreen mode:
virtualboxvm --startvm {{name|uuid}} --fullscreen
Mount the specified DVD image file:
virtualboxvm --startvm {{name|uuid}} --dvd {{path\to\image_file}}
Display a command-line window with debug information:
virtualboxvm --startvm {{name|uuid}} --debug-command-line
Start a virtual machine in a paused state:
virtualboxvm --startvm {{name|uuid}} --start-paused

reg save

Save a registry key, its sub keys and values to a file. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/reg-save.

Save a registry key, its sub keys and values to a specific file:
reg save {{key_name}} {{path\to\file}}
Forcefully overwrite an existing file without a prompt:
reg save {{key_name}} {{path\to\file}} /y

choco install

Install one or more packages with Chocolatey. More information: https://chocolatey.org/docs/commands-install.

Install one or more space-separated packages:
choco install {{package1 package2 ...}}
Install packages from a custom configuration file:
choco install {{path\to\packages_file.config}}
Install a specific nuspec or nupkg file:
choco install {{path\to\file}}
Install a specific version of a package:
choco install {{package}} --version {{version}}
Allow installing multiple versions of a package:
choco install {{package}} --allow-multiple
Confirm all prompts automatically:
choco install {{package}} --yes
Specify a custom source to receive packages from:
choco install {{package}} --source {{source_url|alias}}
Provide a username and password for authentication:
choco install {{package}} --user {{username}} --password {{password}}

choco uninstall

Uninstall one or more packages with Chocolatey. More information: https://chocolatey.org/docs/commands-uninstall.

Uninstall one or more space-separated packages:
choco uninstall {{package1 package2 ...}}
Uninstall a specific version of a package:
choco uninstall {{package}} --version {{version}}
Confirm all prompts automatically:
choco uninstall {{package}} --yes
Remove all dependencies when uninstalling:
choco uninstall {{package}} --remove-dependencies
Uninstall all packages:
choco uninstall all

dir

List directory contents. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/dir.

Show the contents of the current directory:
dir
Show the contents of a given directory:
dir {{path\to\directory}}
Show the contents of the current directory, including hidden ones:
dir /A
Show the contents of a given directory, including hidden ones:
dir {{path\to\directory}} /A

cmd

The Windows command interpreter. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/cmd.

Start an interactive shell session:
cmd
Execute specific [c]ommands:
cmd /c {{echo Hello world}}
Execute a specific script:
cmd {{path\to\script.bat}}
Execute specific commands and then enter an interactive shell:
cmd /k {{echo Hello world}}
Start an interactive shell session where echo is disabled in command output:
cmd /q
Start an interactive shell session with delayed [v]ariable expansion enabled or disabled:
cmd /v:{{on|off}}
Start an interactive shell session with command [e]xtensions enabled or disabled:
cmd /e:{{on|off}}
Start an interactive shell session with used [u]nicode encoding:
cmd /u

cmdkey

Create, show, and delete stored user names and passwords. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/cmdkey.

Show a list of all user credentials:
cmdkey /list
Store credentials for a user that accesses a server:
cmdkey /add:{{server_name}} /user:{{user_name}}
Delete credentials for a specific target:
cmdkey.exe /delete {{target_name}}

driverquery

Display information about installed device drivers. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/driverquery.

Display a list of all installed device drivers:
driverquery
Display a list of drivers in the specified format:
driverquery /fo {{table|list|csv}}
Display a list of drivers with a column to indicate if they are signed:
driverquery /si
Exclude the header in the output list:
driverquery /nh
Display a list of drivers for a remote machine:
driverquery /s {{hostname}} /u {{username}} /p {{password}}
Display a list of drivers with verbose information:
driverquery /v
Display detailed usage information:
driverquery /?

query

Displays information about user sessions and process. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/query.

Display all user sessions:
query session
Display the current user sessions on a remote computer:
query session /server:{{hostname}}
Display logged in users:
query user
Display all user sessions on a remote computer:
query session /server:{{hostname}}
Display all running processes:
query process
Display running processes by session or user name:
query process {{session_name|user_name}}

reg export

Export the specified sub keys and values into a file. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/reg-export.

Export all sub keys and values of a specific key:
reg export {{key_name}} {{path\to\file.reg}}
Force overwriting of an existing file without prompt:
reg export {{key_name}} {{path\to\file.reg}} /y

reg

Manage keys and their values in the Windows registry. Some subcommands such as reg add have their own usage documentation. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/reg.

Execute a registry command:
reg {{command}}
Display general information and list all available commands:
reg /?
Call help on a specific command:
reg {{command}} /?

ftp

Interactively transfer files between a local and remote FTP server. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/ftp.

Connect to a remote FTP server interactively:
ftp {{host}}
Log in as an anonymous user:
ftp -A {{host}}
Disable automatic login upon initial connection:
ftp -n {{host}}
Run a file containing a list of FTP commands:
ftp -s:{{path\to\file}} {{host}}
Download multiple files (glob expression):
mget {{*.png}}
Upload multiple files (glob expression):
mput {{*.zip}}
Delete multiple files on the remote server:
mdelete {{*.txt}}
Display detailed help:
ftp --help

showmount

Display information about NFS filesystems on Windows Server. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/showmount.

Display all exported filesystems:
showmount -e
Display all NFS clients and their mounted directories:
showmount -a
Display all NFS mounted directories:
showmount -d
Display all exported filesystems for a remote server:
showmount -e {{server_address}}

taskkill

Terminate a process by its process ID or name. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/taskkill.

Terminate a process by its ID:
taskkill /pid {{process_id}}
Terminate a process by its name:
taskkill /im {{process_name}}
Forcefully terminate a specified process:
taskkill /pid {{process_id}} /f
Terminate a process and its child processes:
taskkill /im {{process_name}} /t
Terminate a process on a remote machine:
taskkill /pid {{process_id}} /s {{remote_name}}
Display information about the usage of the command:
taskkill /?

pathping

A trace route tool combining features of ping and tracert. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/pathping.

Ping and trace the route to a host:
pathping {{hostname}}
Do not perform reverse lookup of IP address to hostname:
pathping {{hostname}} -n
Specify the maximum number of hops to search for the target (the default is 30):
pathping {{hostname}} -h {{max_hops}}
Specify the milliseconds to wait between pings (the default is 240):
pathping {{hostname}} -p {{time}}
Specify the number of queries per hop (the default is 100):
pathping {{hostname}} -q {{queries}}
Force IPV4 usage:
pathping {{hostname}} -4
Force IPV6 usage:
pathping {{hostname}} -6
Display detailed usage information:
pathping /?

subst

Associates a path with a virtual drive letter. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/subst.

List active associations:
subst
Add an association:
subst {{Z:}} {{C:\Python2.7}}
Remove an association:
subst {{Z:}} /d

vswhere

Locate Visual Studio 2017 and newer installations. More information: https://github.com/microsoft/vswhere.

Find the path of vcvarsall.bat to set environment variables:
vswhere -products * -latest -prerelease -find **\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvarsall.bat
Find the directory of the x64 MSVC compiler (cl.exe, etc):
vswhere -products * -latest -prerelease -find **\Hostx64\x64\*
Find the directory of Clang bundled with Visual Studio bundled (clang-cl, clang-tidy, etc):
vswhere -products * -latest -prerelease -find **\Llvm\bin\*
Find the path of MSBuild.exe:
vswhere -products * -latest -prerelease -find MSBuild\**\Bin\MSBuild.exe

iwr

This command is an alias of Invoke-WebRequest in PowerShell.

View documentation for the original command:
tldr invoke-webrequest

netsh interface portproxy

Configure and display the status of various network components. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/networking/technologies/netsh/netsh-interface-portproxy.

Display the current port forwarding setup:
netsh interface portproxy show all
Set up IPv4 port forwarding (run in elevated console):
netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress={{192.168.0.1}} listenport={{8080}} connectaddress={{10.0.0.1}} connectport={{80}}
Remove IPv4 port forwarding (run in elevated console):
netsh interface portproxy delete v4tov4 listenaddress={{192.168.0.1}} listenport={{8080}}
Display help:
netsh interface portproxy

vcvarsall

Setup the environment variables required for using the Microsoft Visual Studio tools. The path of vcvarsall for a certain Visual Studio installation can be found using vswhere. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/cpp/build/building-on-the-command-line.

Setup the environment for native x64:
vcvarsall x64
Setup the environment for cross-compiled native x86 from the x64 host:
vcvarsall x64_x86
Setup the environment for cross-compiled native Arm x64 from the x64 host:
vcvarsall x64_arm64
Setup the environment for native UWP x64:
vcvarsall x64 uwp

slmgr.vbs

Install, activate, and manage Windows licenses. This command may override, deactivate, and/or remove your current Windows license. Please proceed with caution. More information: https://docs.microsoft.com/windows-server/get-started/activation-slmgr-vbs-options.

[d]isplay the current Windows [l]icense [i]nformation:
slmgr /dli
[d]isplay the ins[t]allation [i]D for the current device. Useful for offline license activation:
slmgr /dti
Display the current license's e[xp]i[r]ation date and time:
slmgr /xpr
[i]nstall a new Windows license [p]roduct [k]ey. Requires Administrator privileges and will override the existing license:
slmgr /ipk {{product_key}}
[a]c[t]ivate the Windows product license [o]nline. Requires Administrator privileges to do so:
slmgr /ato
[a]c[t]ivate the Windows [p]roduct license offline. Requires Administrator privileges and an Confirmation ID provided by Microsoft Product Activation Center:
slmgr /atp {{confirmation_id}}
[c]lear the current license's [p]roduct [k]e[y] from the Windows Registry. This will not deactivate or uninstall the current license, but prevents the key from being stolen by malicious programs in the future:
slmgr /cpky
[u]ninstall the current license (by its [p]roduct [k]ey):
slmgr /upk

set

Display or set environment variables for the current instance of CMD. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/set.

List all current environment variables:
set
Set an environment variable to a specific value:
set {{name}}={{value}}
List environment variables starting with the specified string:
set {{name}}
Prompt the user for a value for the specified variable:
set /p {{name}}={{prompt_string}}

cd

Display the current working directory or move to a different directory. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/cd.

Display the path of the current directory:
cd
Go to root of current drive:
cd \
Go up to the parent of the current directory:
cd ..
Go to a specific directory in the same drive:
cd {{path\to\directory}}
Go to a specific directory in a different [d]rive:
cd /d {{C}}:{{path\to\directory}}

path

Display or set the search path for executable files. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/path.

Display the current path:
path
Set the path to one or more semicolon-separated directories:
path {{path\to\directory1 path\to\directory2 ...}}
Append a new directory to the original path:
path {{path\to\directory}};%path%
Set command prompt to only search the current directory for executables:
path ;

for

Conditionally execute a command several times. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/for.

Execute given commands for the specified set:
for %{{variable}} in ({{item_a item_b item_c}}) do ({{echo Loop is executed}})
Iterate over a given range of numbers:
for /l %{{variable}} in ({{from}}, {{step}}, {{to}}) do ({{echo Loop is executed}})
Iterate over a given list of files:
for %{{variable}} in ({{path\to\file1.ext path\to\file2.ext ...}}) do ({{echo Loop is executed}})
Iterate over a given list of directories:
for /d %{{variable}} in ({{path\to\directory1.ext path\to\directory2.ext ...}}) do ({{echo Loop is executed}})
Perform a given command in every directory:
for /d %{{variable}} in (*) do (if exist %{{variable}} {{echo Loop is executed}})

Get-Content

Get the content of the item at the specified location. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.management/get-content.

Display the content of a file:
Get-Content -Path {{path\to\file}}
Display the first few lines of a file:
Get-Content -Path {{path\to\file}} -TotalCount {{10}}
Display the content of the file and keep reading from it until Ctrl + C is pressed:
Get-Content -Path {{path\to\file}} -Wait

expand

Uncompress one or more Windows Cabinet files. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/expand.

Uncompress a single-file Cabinet file to the specified directory:
expand {{path\to\file.cab}} {{path\to\directory}}
Display the list of files in a source Cabinet file:
expand {{path\to\file.cab}} {{path\to\directory}} -d
Uncompress all files from the Cabinet file:
expand {{path\to\file.cab}} {{path\to\directory}} -f:*
Uncompress a specific file from a Cabinet file:
expand {{path\to\file.cab}} {{path\to\directory}} -f:{{path\to\file}}
Ignore the directory structure when uncompressing, and add them to a single directory:
expand {{path\to\file.cab}} {{path\to\directory}} -i

Get-History

Display PowerShell command history. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/get-history.

Display the commands history list with ID:
Get-History
Get PowerShell history item by ID:
Get-History -Id {{id}}
Display the last N commands:
Get-History -Count {{10}}

doskey

Manage macros, windows commands and command-lines. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/doskey.

List available macros:
doskey /macros
Create a new macro:
doskey {{name}} = "{{command}}"
Create a new macro for a specific executable:
doskey /exename={{executable}} {{name}} = "{{command}}"
Remove a macro:
doskey {{name}} =
Display all commands that are stored in memory:
doskey /history
Save macros to a file for portability:
doskey /macros > {{path\to\macinit_file}}
Load macros from a file:
doskey /macrofile = {{path\to\macinit_file}}

ver

Display the current Windows or MS-DOS version number. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/ver.

Display the current version number:
ver

prompt

Change the default DOS style prompt in a command window. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/prompt.

Reset the prompt to the default setting:
prompt
Set a specific prompt:
prompt {{prompt}}
Change the prompt to show the current date first:
prompt $D $P$G
Change the prompt to show the current time first:
prompt $T $P$G
Change the prompt by adding a specific text first:
prompt {{text}} $P$G

Get-Acl

Gets the security descriptor for a resource, such as a file or registry key. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.security/get-acl.

Display the ACL for a specific directory:
Get-Acl {{path\to\directory}}
Get an ACL for a registry key:
Get-Acl -Path {{HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Control}} | Format-List

choco new

Generate new package specification files with Chocolatey. More information: https://chocolatey.org/docs/commands-new.

Create a new package skeleton:
choco new {{package}}
Create a new package with a specific version:
choco new {{package}} --version {{version}}
Create a new package with a specific maintainer name:
choco new {{package}} --maintainer {{maintainer_name}}
Create a new package in a custom output directory:
choco new {{package}} --output-directory {{path/to/directory}}
Create a new package with specific 32-bit and 64-bit installer URLs:
choco new {{package}} url="{{url}}" url64="{{url}}"

cipher

Display or alter the encryption of directories and files on NTFS volumes. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/cipher.

Display information about a specific encrypted file or directory:
cipher /c:{{path\to\file_or_directory}}
[e]ncrypt a file or directory (files added later to the directory are also encrypted as the directory is marked):
cipher /e:{{path\to\file_or_directory}}
[d]ecrypt a file or directory:
cipher /d:{{path\to\file_or_directory}}
Securely remove a file or directory:
cipher /w:{{path\to\file_or_directory}}

cpush

This command is an alias of choco push. More information: https://docs.chocolatey.org/en-us/create/commands/push.

See documentation for the original command:
tldr choco-push

Select-String

Finds text in strings and files in PowerShell. This command can only be used through PowerShell. You can use Select-String similar to grep in UNIX or findstr.exe in Windows. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/select-string.

Search for a pattern within a file:
Select-String -Path "{{path\to\file}}" -Pattern '{{search_pattern}}'
Search for an exact string (disables regular expressions):
Select-String -SimpleMatch "{{exact_string}}" {{path\to\file}}
Search for pattern in all .ext files in current dir:
Select-String -Path "{{*.ext}}" -Pattern '{{search_pattern}}'
Capture the specified number of lines before and after the line that matches the pattern:
Select-String --Context {{2,3}} "{{search_pattern}}" {{path\to\file}}
Search stdin for lines that do not match a pattern:
Get-Content {{path\to\file}} | Select-String --NotMatch "{{search_pattern}}"

reg copy

Copy keys and their values in the registry. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/reg-copy.

Copy a registry key to a new registry location:
reg copy {{old_key_name}} {{new_key_name}}
Copy a registry key recursively to a new registry location:
reg copy {{old_key_name}} {{new_key_name}} /s
Forcefully copy a registry key without a prompt:
reg copy {{old_key_name}} {{new_key_name}} /f

pushd

Place a directory on a stack so it can be accessed later. See also popd to switch back to original directory. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/pushd.

Switch to directory and push it on the stack:
pushd {{path\to\directory}}

rd

This command is an alias of rmdir. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/rd.

View documentation for the original command:
tldr rmdir

msg

Send a message to a specific user or session. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/msg.

Send a message to a specified user or session:
msg {{username|session_name|session_id}} {{message}}
Send a message from stdin:
echo "{{message}}" | msg {{username|session_name|session_id}}
Send a message to a specific server:
msg /server:{{server_name}} {{username|session_name|session_id}}
Send a message to all users of the current machine:
msg *
Set a delay in seconds for a message:
msg /time:{{10}}

mkdir

Creates a directory. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/mkdir.

Create a directory:
mkdir {{path\to\directory}}
Create a nested directory tree recursively:
mkdir {{path\to\sub_directory}}

choco outdated

Check for outdated packages with Chocolatey. More information: https://chocolatey.org/docs/commands-outdated.

Display a list of outdated packages in table format:
choco outdated
Ignore pinned packages in the output:
choco outdated --ignore-pinned
Specify a custom source to check packages from:
choco outdated --source {{source_url|alias}}
Provide a username and password for authentication:
choco outdated --user {{username}} --password {{password}}

exit

Quit the current CMD instance or the current batch file. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/exit.

Quit the current CMD instance:
exit
Quit the current batch script:
exit /b
Quit using a specific exit code:
exit {{2}}

scoop

The Scoop package manager. More information: https://scoop.sh.

Install a package:
scoop install {{package}}
Remove a package:
scoop uninstall {{package}}
Update all installed packages:
scoop update --all
List installed packages:
scoop list
Display information about a package:
scoop info {{package}}
Search for a package:
scoop search {{package}}
Remove old versions of all packages and clear the download cache:
scoop cleanup --cache --all

net

System utility to view and modify network-related settings. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-server-2012-r2-and-2012/gg651155(v=ws.11).

Start or stop a Windows service synchronously:
net {{start|stop}} {{service}}
Make sure an SMB share is available in the current console:
net use {{\\smb_shared_folder}} /USER:{{username}}
Show the folders currently shared over SMB:
net share
Show who is using your SMB shares (run in elevated console):
net session
Show users in a local security group:
net localgroup "{{Administrators}}"
Add a user to the local security group (run in elevated console):
net localgroup "{{Administrators}}" {{username}} /add
Display help for a subcommand:
net help {{subcommand}}
Display help:
net help

fondue

Install optional Windows features. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/fondue.

Enable a specific Windows feature:
fondue /enable-feature:{{feature}}
Hide all output messages to the user:
fondue /enable-feature:{{feature}} /hide-ux:all
Specify a caller process name for error reporting:
fondue /enable-feature:{{feature}} /caller-name:{{name}}

iscc

Compiler for Inno Setup installers. It compiles an Inno Setup scripts into an Windows installer executable. More information: https://jrsoftware.org/isinfo.php.

Compile an Inno Setup script:
iscc {{path\to\file.iss}}
Quietly compile an Inno Setup installer:
iscc /Q {{path\to\file.iss}}
Compile a signed Inno Setup installer:
iscc /S={{name}}={{command}} {{path\to\file.iss}}

scoop bucket

Manage buckets: Git repositories containing files which describe how scoop installs applications. If Scoop doesn't know where the bucket is located its repository location must be specified. More information: https://github.com/lukesampson/scoop/wiki/Buckets.

List all buckets currently in use:
scoop bucket list
List all known buckets:
scoop bucket known
Add a known bucket by its name:
scoop bucket add {{name}}
Add an unknown bucket by its name and Git repository URL:
scoop bucket add {{name}} {{https://example.com/repository.git}}
Remove a bucket by its name:
scoop bucket rm {{name}}

choco feature

Interact with features with Chocolatey. More information: https://chocolatey.org/docs/commands-feature.

Display a list of available features:
choco feature list
Enable a feature:
choco feature enable --name {{name}}
Disable a feature:
choco feature disable --name {{name}}

robocopy

Robust File and Folder Copy. By default files will only be copied if the source and destination have different time stamps or different file sizes. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/robocopy.

Copy all .jpg and .bmp files from one directory to another:
robocopy {{path\to\source_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} {{*.jpg}} {{*.bmp}}
Copy all files and subdirectories, including empty ones:
robocopy {{path\to\source_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /E
Mirror/Sync a directory, deleting anything not in source and include all attributes and permissions:
robocopy {{path\to\source_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /MIR /COPYALL
Copy all files and subdirectories, excluding source files that are older than destination files:
robocopy {{path\to\source_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /E /XO
List all files 50 MB or larger instead of copying them:
robocopy {{path\to\source_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /MIN:{{52428800}} /L
Allow resuming if network connection is lost and limit retries to 5 and wait time to 15 sec:
robocopy {{path\to\source_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /Z /R:5 /W:15
Display detailed usage information:
robocopy /?

wmic

Interactive shell for detailed information about running processes. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/wmic.

Fundamental grammar:
wmic {{alias}} {{where_clause}} {{verb_clause}}
Show brief details about the currently running processes:
wmic process list brief
Show full details about the currently running processes:
wmic process list full
Access specific fields such as process name, process ID and parent process ID:
wmic process get {{name,processid,parentprocessid}}
Display information about a specific process:
wmic process where {{name="example.exe"}} list full
Display specific fields for a specific process:
wmic process where processid={{pid}} get {{name,commandline}}
Kill a process:
wmic process {{pid}} delete

tracert

Receive information about each step in the route between your PC and the target. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/tracert.

Trace a route:
tracert {{IP}}
Prevent tracert from resolving IP addresses to hostnames:
tracert /d {{IP}}
Force tracert to use IPv4 only:
tracert /4 {{IP}}
Force tracert to use IPv6 only:
tracert /6 {{IP}}
Specify the maximum number of hops in the search for the target:
tracert /h {{max_hops}} {{IP}}
Display help:
tracert /?

Display paginated output from stdin or a file. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/more.

Display paginated output from stdin:
{{echo test}} | more
Display paginated output from one or more files:
more {{path\to\file}}
Convert tabs to the specified number of spaces:
more {{path\to\file}} /t{{spaces}}
Clear the screen before displaying the page:
more {{path\to\file}} /c
Display the output starting at line 5:
more {{path\to\file}} +{{5}}
Enable extended interactive mode (see help for usage):
more {{path\to\file}} /e
Display full usage information:
more /?

rdpsign

A tool for signing Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) files. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/rdpsign.

Sign an RDP file:
rdpsign {{path\to\file.rdp}}
Sign an RDP file using a specific sha256 hash:
rdpsign {{path\to\file.rdp}} /sha265 {{hash}}
Enable quiet output:
rdpsign {{path\to\file.rdp}} /q
Display verbose warnings, messages and statuses:
rdpsign {{path\to\file.rdp}} /v
Test the signing by displaying the output to stdout without updating the file:
rdpsign {{path\to\file.rdp}} /l

rmdir

Remove a directory and its contents. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/rmdir.

Remove an empty directory:
rmdir {{path\to\directory}}
Remove a directory and its contents recursively:
rmdir {{path\to\directory}} /s
Remove a directory and its contents recursively without prompting:
rmdir {{path\to\directory}} /s /q

print

Print a text file to a printer. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/print.

Print a text file to the default printer:
print {{path\to\file}}
Print a text file to a specific printer:
print /d:{{printer}} {{path\to\file}}

nvm

Install, uninstall, or switch between Node.js versions. Supports version numbers like "12.8" or "v16.13.1", and labels like "stable", "system", etc. More information: https://github.com/coreybutler/nvm-windows.

Install a specific version of Node.js:
nvm install {{node_version}}
Set the default version of Node.js (must be run as Administrator):
nvm use {{node_version}}
List all available Node.js versions and highlight the default one:
nvm list
List all remote Node.js versions:
nvm ls-remote
Uninstall a given Node.js version:
nvm uninstall {{node_version}}

azcopy

A file transfer tool for uploading to Azure Cloud Storage Accounts. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/storage-use-azcopy-v10.

Log in to an Azure Tenant:
azopy login
Upload a local file:
azcopy copy '{{path\to\source_file}}' 'https://{{storage_account_name}}.blob.core.windows.net/{{container_name}}/{{blob_name}}'
Upload files with .txt and .jpg extensions:
azcopy copy '{{path\to\source_directory}}' 'https://{{storage_account_name}}.blob.core.windows.net/{{container_name}}' --include-pattern '{{*.txt;*.jpg}}'
Copy a container directly between two Azure storage accounts:
azcopy copy 'https://{{source_storage_account_name}}.blob.core.windows.net/{{container_name}}' 'https://{{destination_storage_account_name}}.blob.core.windows.net/{{container_name}}'
Synchronize a local directory and delete files in the destination if they no longer exist in the source:
azcopy sync '{{path\to\source_directory}}' 'https://{{storage_account_name}}.blob.core.windows.net/{{container_name}}' --recursive --delete-destination=true
Display detailed usage information:
azcopy --help

color

Set the console foreground and background colors. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/color.

Set the console colors to the default values:
color
List available color values and detailed information:
color /?
Set the console foreground and background to a specific color using hexadecimal numbers (1-9,a-f):
color {{foreground_code}}{{background_code}}

comp

Compare the contents of two files or sets of files. Use wildcards (*) to compare sets of files. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/comp.

Compare files interactively:
comp
Compare two specified files:
comp {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Compare two sets of files:
comp {{path\to\directory1}}\* {{path\to\directory2}}\*
Display differences in decimal format:
comp /d {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Display differences in ASCII format:
comp /a {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Display line numbers for differences:
comp /l {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Compare files case-insensitively:
comp /c {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Compare only the first 5 lines of each file:
comp /n={{5}} {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}

w32tm

Query and control the w32time time synchronization service. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/networking/windows-time-service/windows-time-service-tools-and-settings.

Show the current status of time synchronization:
w32tm /query /status /verbose
Show a time offset graph against a time server:
w32tm /stripchart /computer:{{time_server}}
Show an NTP reply from a time server:
w32tm /stripchart /packetinfo /samples:1 /computer:{{time_server}}
Show the state of the currently used time servers:
w32tm /query /peers
Show configuration of the w32time service (run in elevated console):
w32tm /query /configuration
Force time resynchronization immediately (run in elevated console):
w32tm /resync /force
Write w32time debug logs into a file (run in elevated console):
w32tm /debug /enable /file:{{path\to\debug.log}} /size:{{10000000}} /entries:{{0-300}}

Set-Acl

Changes the security descriptor of a specified item, such as a file or a registry key. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.security/set-acl.

Copy a security descriptor from one file to another:
$OriginAcl = Get-Acl -Path {{path\to\file}}; Set-Acl -Path {{path\to\file}} -AclObject $OriginAcl
Use the pipeline operator to pass a descriptor:
Get-Acl -Path {{path\to\file}} | Set-Acl -Path {{path\to\file}}

Start-Service

Starts one or more stopped services. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.management/start-service.

Start a service by using its name:
Start-Service -Name {{service_name}}
Display information without starting a service:
Start-Service -DisplayName *{{name}}* -WhatIf
Start a disabled service:
Set-Service {{service_name}} -StartupType {{manual}}; Start-Service {{service_name}}

reg delete

Delete keys or their values from the registry. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/reg-delete.

Delete a specific registry key:
reg delete {{key_name}}
Delete a value under a specific key:
reg delete {{key_name}} /v {{value}}
Delete all values recursively under the specified key:
reg delete {{key_name}} /va
Forcefully delete all values recursively under a key without a prompt:
reg delete {{key_name}} /f /va

mklink

Create symbolic links. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/mklink.

Create a symbolic link to a file:
mklink {{path\to\link_file}} {{path\to\source_file}}
Create a symbolic link to a directory:
mklink /d {{path\to\link_file}} {{path\to\source_directory}}
Create a hard link to a file:
mklink /h {{path\to\link_file}} {{path\to\source_file}}
Create a directory junction:
mklink /j {{path\to\link_file}} {{path\to\source_file}}

reg query

Display the values of keys and sub keys in the registry. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/reg-query.

Display all values of a key:
reg query {{key_name}}
Display a specific value of a key:
reg query {{key_name}} /v {{value}}
Display all values of a key and its sub keys:
reg query {{key_name}} /s
Search for keys and values matching a specific pattern:
reg query {{key_name}} /f "{{query_pattern}}"
Display a value of a key matching a specified data type:
reg query {{key_name}} /t {{type}}

Wait-Process

Waits for the processes to be stopped before accepting more input. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.management/wait-process.

Stop a process and wait:
Stop-Process -Id {{process_id}}; Wait-Process -Id {{process_id}}
Wait for processes for a specified time:
Wait-Process -Name {{process_name}} -Timeout {{30}}

reg unload

Remove data from the registry that was loaded using the reg load command. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/reg-unload.

Remove data from the registry for a specified key:
reg unload {{key_name}}

choco

The Chocolatey package manager. Some subcommands such as choco install have their own usage documentation. More information: https://chocolatey.org.

Execute a Chocolatey command:
choco {{command}}
Call general help:
choco -?
Call help on a specific command:
choco {{command}} -?
Check the Chocolatey version:
choco --version

choco info

Display detailed information about a package with Chocolatey. More information: https://chocolatey.org/docs/commands-info.

Display information on a specific package:
choco info {{package}}
Display information for a local package only:
choco info {{package}} --local-only
Specify a custom source to receive packages information from:
choco info {{package}} --source {{source_url|alias}}
Provide a username and password for authentication:
choco info {{package}} --user {{username}} --password {{password}}

vol

Display information about volumes. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/vol.

Display the label and serial number for the current drive:
vol
Display the label and serial number for a specific volume:
vol {{D:}}

Test-Json

Tests whether a string is a valid JSON document. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/test-json.

Test if a string from stdin is in JSON format:
'{{string}}' | Test-Json
Test if a string JSON format:
Test-Json -Json '{{json_to_test}}'
Test if a string from stdin matches a specific schema file:
'{{string}}' | Test-Json -SchemaFile {{path\to\schema_file.json}}

assoc

Display or change associations between file extensions and file types. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/assoc.

List all associations between file extensions and file types:
assoc
Display the associated file type for a specific extension:
assoc {{.txt}}
Set the associated file type for a specific extension:
assoc .{{txt}}={{txtfile}}
View the output of assoc one screen at a time:
assoc | {{more}}

diskpart

Disk, volume and partition manager. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/diskpart.

Run diskpart by itself in an administrative command prompt to enter its command-line:
diskpart
List all disks:
list disk
Select a volume:
select volume {{volume}}
Assign a drive letter to the selected volume:
assign letter {{letter}}
Create a new partition:
create partition primary
Activate the selected volume:
active
Exit diskpart:
exit

uwfmgr

Unified Write Filter (UWF). Protect drives by redirecting any writes to the drive to a virtual overlay. Writes are discarded upon reboot unless committed by default. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/iot/iot-enterprise/customize/unified-write-filter.

Get the current status:
uwfmgr get-config
Set a drive as protected:
uwfmgr volume protect {{drive_letter}}:
Remove a drive from protection list:
uwfmgr volume unprotect {{drive_letter}}:
Enable or disable protection (Applies after reboot):
uwfmgr filter {{enable|disable}}
Commit changes of a file on protected drive:
uwfmgr file commit {{drive_letter:\path\to\file}}
Commit deletion of a file on protected drive:
uwfmgr file commit-delete {{drive_letter:\path\to\file}}

Out-String

Outputs input objects as a string. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/out-string.

Print host information as string:
Get-Alias | Out-String
Convert each object to a string rather than concatenating all the objects into a single string:
Get-Alias | Out-String -Stream
Use the Width parameter to prevent truncation:
@{TestKey = ('x' * 200)} | Out-String -Width {{250}}

eventcreate

Create custom entries in the event log. Event IDs can be any number between 1 and 1000. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/eventcreate.

Create a new event with a given ID (1-1000) in the log:
eventcreate /t {{success|error|warning|information}} /id {{id}} /d "{{message}}"
Create an event in a specific event log:
eventcreate /l {{log_name}} /t {{type}} /id {{id}} /d "{{message}}"
Create an event with a specific source:
eventcreate /so {{source_name}} /t {{type}} /id {{id}} /d "{{message}}"
Create an event in a remote machine's event log:
eventcreate /s {{hostname}} /u {{username}} /p {{password}} /t {{type}} /id {{id}} /d "{{message}}"

Set-Service

Starts, stops, and suspends a service, and changes its properties. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.management/set-service.

Change a display name:
Set-Service -Name {{hostname}} -DisplayName "{{name}}"
Change the startup type of services:
Set-Service -Name {{service_name}} -StartupType {{Automatic}}
Change the description of a service:
Set-Service -Name {{service_name}} -Description "{{description}}"

Show-Markdown

Shows a Markdown file or string in the console in a friendly way using VT100 escape sequences or in a browser using HTML. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/show-markdown.

Render markdown to console from a file:
Show-Markdown -Path {{path\to\file}}
Render markdown to console from string:
{{"# Markdown content"}} | Show-Markdown
Open Markdown file in a browser:
Show-Markdown -Path {{path\to\file}} -UseBrowser

if

Performs conditional processing in batch scripts. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/if.

Execute the specified commands if the condition is true:
if {{condition}} ({{echo Condition is true}})
Execute the specified commands if the condition is false:
if not {{condition}} ({{echo Condition is true}})
Execute the first specified commands if the condition is true otherwise execute the second specified commands:
if {{condition}} ({{echo Condition is true}}) else ({{echo Condition is false}})
Check whether %errorlevel% is greater than or equal to the specified exit code:
if errorlevel {{2}} ({{echo Condition is true}})
Check whether two strings are equal:
if %{{variable}}% == {{string}} ({{echo Condition is true}})
Check whether two strings are equal without respecting letter case:
if /i %{{variable}}% == {{string}} ({{echo Condition is true}})
Check whether a file exist:
if exist {{path\to\file}} ({{echo Condition is true}})

replace

Replace files. See also: robocopy, move, copy, and del. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/replace.

Replace the destination file with the one from the source directory:
replace {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}}
Add files to the destination directory instead of replacing existing files:
replace {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /a
Interactively copy multiple files, with a prompt before replacing or adding a destination file:
replace {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /p
Replace even read only files:
replace {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /r
Wait for you to insert a disk before it replaces files (originally to allow inserting a floppy disk):
replace {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /w
Replace all files in subdirectories of the destination:
replace {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /s
Replace only files in the destination directory which are older than the files in the source directory:
replace {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /u
Display detailed usage information:
replace /?

tzutil

A tool for displaying or configuring the system time zone. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/tzutil.

Get the current time zone:
tzutil /g
Display a list of available time zones:
tzutil /l
Set the system time zone to the specific value:
tzutil /s {{timezone_id}}

type

Display the contents of a file. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/type.

Display the contents of a specific file:
type {{path\to\file}}

Sort-Object

Sorts objects by property values. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/sort-object.

Sort the current directory by name:
Get-ChildItem | Sort-Object
Sort the current directory by name descending:
Get-ChildItem | Sort-Object -Descending
Sort items removing duplicates:
"a", "b", "a" | Sort-Object -Unique
Sort the current directory by file length:
Get-ChildItem | Sort-Object -Property Length
Sort processes with the highest memory usage based on their working set (WS) size:
Get-Process | Sort-Object -Property WS

reg flags

Display or set flags on registry keys. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/reg-flags.

Display current flags for a specific key:
reg flags {{key_name}} query
Display help and available flag types:
reg flags /?
Set specified space-separated flags, and unset unmentioned flags, for a specific key:
reg flags {{key_name}} set {{flag_names}}
Set specified flags for a specific key and its sub keys:
reg flags {{key_name}} set {{flag_names}} /s

Invoke-WebRequest

Performs a HTTP/HTTPS request to the Web. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/invoke-webrequest.

Download the contents of a URL to a file:
Invoke-WebRequest {{http://example.com}} -OutFile {{path\to\file}}
Send form-encoded data (POST request of type application/x-www-form-urlencoded):
Invoke-WebRequest -Method Post -Body @{ name='bob' } {{http://example.com/form}}
Send a request with an extra header, using a custom HTTP method:
Invoke-WebRequest -Headers {{@{ X-My-Header = '123' }}} -Method {{PUT}} {{http://example.com}}
Send data in JSON format, specifying the appropriate content-type header:
Invoke-WebRequest -Body {{'{"name":"bob"}'}} -ContentType 'application/json' {{http://example.com/users/1234}}
Pass a username and password for server authentication:
Invoke-WebRequest -Headers @{ Authorization = "Basic "+ [System.Convert]::ToBase64String([System.Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetBytes("myusername:mypassword")) } {{http://example.com}}

where

Display the location of files that match the search pattern. Defaults to current work directory and paths in the PATH environment variable. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/where.

Display the location of file pattern:
where {{file_pattern}}
Display the location of file pattern including file size and date:
where /T {{file_pattern}}
Recursively search for file pattern at specified path:
where /R {{path\to\directory}} {{file_pattern}}
Silently return the error code for the location of the file pattern:
where /Q {{file_pattern}}

whoami

Display details about the current user. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/whoami.

Display the username of the current user:
whoami
Display the groups that the current user is a member of:
whoami /groups
Display the privileges of the current user:
whoami /priv
Display the user principal name (UPN) of the current user:
whoami /upn
Display the logon ID of the current user:
whoami /logonid
Display all information for the current user:
whoami /all

attrib

Display or change attributes of files or directories. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/attrib.

Display all set attributes of files in the current directory:
attrib
Display all set attributes of files in a specific directory:
attrib {{path\to\directory}}
Display all set attributes of files and [d]irectories in the current directory:
attrib /d
Display all set attributes of files in the current directory and [s]ub-directories:
attrib /s
Add the [r]ead-only or [a]rchive or [s]ystem or [h]idden or not content [i]ndexed attribute to files or directories:
attrib +{{r|a|s|h|i}} {{path\to\file_or_directory1 path\to\file_or_directory2 ...}}
Remove a specific attribute of files or directories:
attrib -{{r|a|s|h|i}} {{path\to\file_or_directory1 path\to\file_or_directory2 ...}}

Tee-Object

Saves command output in a file or variable and also sends it down the pipeline. This command can only be used through PowerShell. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/tee-object.

Output processes to a file and to the console:
Get-Process | Tee-Object -FilePath {{path\to\file}}
Output processes to a variable and Select-Object:
Get-Process notepad | Tee-Object -Variable {{proc}} | Select-Object processname,handles

winget

Windows Package Manager. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows/package-manager/winget.

Install a package:
winget install {{package}}
Remove a package (Note: remove can also be used instead of uninstall):
winget uninstall {{package}}
Display information about a package:
winget show {{package}}
Search for a package:
winget search {{package}}
Upgrade all packages to the latest versions:
winget upgrade --all
List all packages installed that can be managed with winget:
winget list --source winget
Import packages from a file, or export installed packages to a file:
winget {{import|export}} {{--import-file|--output}} {{path/to/file}}
Validate manifests before submitting a PR to the winget-pkgs repository:
winget validate {{path/to/manifest}}

choco upgrade

Upgrade one or more packages with Chocolatey. More information: https://chocolatey.org/docs/commands-upgrade.

Upgrade one or more space-separated packages:
choco upgrade {{package1 package2 ...}}
Upgrade to a specific version of a package:
choco upgrade {{package}} --version {{version}}
Upgrade all packages:
choco upgrade all
Upgrade all except specified comma-separated packages:
choco upgrade all --except "{{package1 package2 ...}}"
Confirm all prompts automatically:
choco upgrade {{package}} --yes
Specify a custom source to receive packages from:
choco upgrade {{package}} --source {{source_url|alias}}
Provide a username and password for authentication:
choco upgrade {{package}} --user {{username}} --password {{password}}

cmstp

Manage connection service profiles. More information: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/cmstp.

Install a specific profile:
cmstp "{{path\to\profile_file}}"
Install without creating a desktop shortcut:
cmstp /ns "{{path\to\profile_file}}"
Install without checking for dependencies:
cmstp /nf "{{path\to\profile_file}}"
Only install for the current user:
cmstp /su "{{path\to\profile_file}}"
Install for all users (requires administrator privileges):
cmstp /au "{{path\to\profile_file}}"
Install silently without any prompts:
cmstp /s "{{path\to\profile_file}}"
Uninstall a specific profile:
cmstp /u "{{path\to\profile_file}}"
Uninstall silently without a confirmation prompt:
cmstp /u /s "{{path\to\profile_file}}"

slmgr

This command is an alias of slmgr.vbs. More information: https://docs.microsoft.com/windows-server/get-started/activation-slmgr-vbs-options.

View documentation for the original command:
tldr slmgr.vbs

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