pacman --query

Arch Linux package manager utility. See also: pacman. More information: https://man.archlinux.org/man/pacman.8.

• List installed packages and versions:
  pacman --query
• List only packages and versions that were explicitly installed:
  pacman --query --explicit
• Find which package owns a file:
  pacman --query --owns {{filename}}
• Display information about an installed package:
  pacman --query --info {{package}}
• List files owned by a package:
  pacman --query --list {{package}}
• List orphan packages (installed as dependencies but not required by any package):
  pacman --query --unrequired --deps --quiet
• List installed packages not found in the repositories:
  pacman --query --foreign
• List outdated packages:
  pacman --query --upgrades