fuser

Display process IDs currently using files or sockets. More information: https://manned.org/fuser.

• Find which processes are accessing a file or directory:
  fuser {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
• Show more fields (USER, PID, ACCESS and COMMAND):
  fuser --verbose {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
• Identify processes using a TCP socket:
  fuser --namespace tcp {{port}}
• Kill all processes accessing a file or directory (sends the SIGKILL signal):
  fuser --kill {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
• Find which processes are accessing the filesystem containing a specific file or directory:
  fuser --mount {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
• Kill all processes with a TCP connection on a specific port:
  fuser --kill {{port}}/tcp