tr

Translate characters: run replacements based on single characters and character sets. More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/tr.

• Replace all occurrences of a character in a file, and print the result:
  tr {{find_character}} {{replace_character}} < {{path/to/file}}
• Replace all occurrences of a character from another command's output:
  echo {{text}} | tr {{find_character}} {{replace_character}}
• Map each character of the first set to the corresponding character of the second set:
  tr '{{abcd}}' '{{jkmn}}' < {{path/to/file}}
• Delete all occurrences of the specified set of characters from the input:
  tr -d '{{input_characters}}' < {{path/to/file}}
• Compress a series of identical characters to a single character:
  tr -s '{{input_characters}}' < {{path/to/file}}
• Translate the contents of a file to upper-case:
  tr "[:lower:]" "[:upper:]" < {{path/to/file}}
• Strip out non-printable characters from a file:
  tr -cd "[:print:]" < {{path/to/file}}